1.被迫语态

主语是动作的宣布者,用自动语态; 主语是动作的接受者,用被迫语态.

被迫语态的构成: be+done (过去分词)+(by 动作的宣布者)

be 的改变方式许多,许多时态都有各自的被迫语态.

This book is written by GJM. That book was written by Luxun.

English is spoken in many countries.

2.自动方式表明被迫含义:

1) wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive…

The book sells well.这本书销路好。

This knife cuts easily.　 这刀子很好用。

The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired.

This room needs cleaning. 这房间应该清扫一下。

This book is worth reading.　这本书值得一读。

4) 特别结构：make sb. heard / understood (使他人能听见/了解自己)，have sth. done ( 要或人做某事)。

Your hair wants cutting.　你的头发该理了。

The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲刷。

The book is worth reading.　这本书值得一读。

The library needs___, but it’ll have to wait until Sunday.

A. cleaningB. be cleaned

C. cleanD. being cleaned

答案A. need (实意V.) +n /to do，need (神态)+ do，当为被动语态时，还可need + doing. 本题考最终一种用法，选A。如有to be clean 则也为正确答案。

4.着重句型

常考的着重句结构是it 引导的语句:

It is (was) 被着重部分+ that (who) + 语句其他部分。

此结构着重的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。　着重句的连词只要两个，that和who。当着重的部分是人，且为语句的主语时，才用 "who"，其他用that。 本题易误选为A. that. 其实本句不是着重句。若是着重句，去掉Itbe… that还应是一个完好的语句。而本句去掉 ‘It is…that’，只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to Canada. 不成句。因而本句不是着重句。

It is /was +时间+ since…　其间is<— has beenwas <— had been.