1 命题模式

狭义的推理引申题题干中常有infer，imply，suggest，deduce，conclude等词出现，常见的命题模式有：

(1)It can be inferred from the text/the last paragraph/the first sentence that…

(2)We can infer (assume, deduce) that .

(3)Which of the following can (not) be inferred from the passage?

(4)It is implied (indicated, suggested) in the passage/the first paragraph/the second sentence/the example that .

(5)By… the author implies (suggests, indicates )that .

(6)The passage implies in the passage that .

(7)The author suggests(indicates)in the passage that .

(8)It can be concluded from the passage that .

(9)From the passage /the third paragraph/the last sentence/the example that… we can draw the conclusion that .

(10)What conclusion can be drawn from the passage (the first paragraph, the last paragraph)?

引申推理题按照解题思路主要可以分为暗指题、推理题和结论题。

暗指题的特点是要求读者体味“言外之意”，信息只能从字里行间获得。对于这类试题，考生首先要分清是明述还是暗指，即言内还是言外;其次，要尽最大可能与命题者达成“共识”，因为命题人事先确定的答案不允许考生的认识有任何偏差;最后，要对文章中的有关事实和观点进行分析和研究，按照事实发展的逻辑次序，总结出合情合理的结论。

Example 1

If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents.

The author implies that the results of scientific research .

[A] may not be as profitable as they are expected

[B] can be measured in dollars and cents

[C] rely on conformity to a standard pattern

[D] are mostly underestimated by management

原句是个假设条件句，指出“假如科学实验像科学杂志登载的科学报告显示的那样完全按事先的计划去规划和实施，那么，对管理层来说，期待研究能够产生可以用金钱衡量的结果是完全合理的”。此处正话反说，作者的言外之意是，科学实验总有不可预测的现象，产生的结果也难以预测，因此不能肯定有效益。[A]选项“可能不像预料的那样有利可图”才是作者真正想要表达的含义。