【题型设置】

难度中等，与大学英语四级相当，一共6篇阅读，占得比重较大

【备考建议】

小编建议大家在备考的时候要保持正常的作息。早上背单词，上午思维比较活跃，建议学习高数，中午适当休息，下午抽出一定的时间学习英语。大家可以根据自己的习惯来安排学习计划，需要注意的是，不要安排过多的任务，以免给自己太大的负担。

【真题演练】

Unlike many Americans compelled into early retirement by company restrictions, the average neveretiree often has no one forcing his hand. If 106-year-old investor Irving Kahn, head of his own family firm, wants to keep coming to work every day, who’s going to stop him? Seventy-eight-year-old Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s job security is guaranteed in the Constitution.

"We’re beginning to see a change in how people view retirement，" says George Leeson, co-director of the Institute of Population Ageing at Oxford. Where once retirement was seen as a brief reward after a long struggle through some miserable job, it is now akin (近似）to being cast aside. What Leeson terms "the Warren Buffett effect" is becoming more broadly appealing as inpiduals come to "view retirement as not simply being linked to economic productivity but also about contribution."

Observers are split on whether this is a wholly good thing. On the one hand, companies and financial firms can benefit from the wisdom of a resilient (坚韧的）chief. On the other, the new generation can find it more difficult to advance—an argument that typically holds little sway to a neveretiree.

56. What do we learn about the so-called “neveretirees”?

A) They are passionate about making a fortune.

B) They have no choice but to continue working.

C) They love what they do and choose not to retire.

D) They will not retire unless they are compelled to.

57. What do Irving Kahn and Ruth Bader Ginsburg have in common?

A) Neither of them is subject to forced retirement.

B) Neither of them desires reward for their work.

C) Both cling to their positions despite opposition.

D) Both are capable of coping with heavy workloads.

58. What is the finding of Howard Friedman’s research?

A) The harder you work, the bigger your fortune will be.

B) The earlier you retire, the healthier you will be.

C) Elderly people have to slow down to live longer.

D) Working at an advanced age lengthens people’s life.

59. What is the traditional view of retirement according to the passage?

A) It means a burden to the younger generation.

B) It is a symbol of a mature and civilized society.

C) It is a compensation for one’s life-long hard work.

D) It helps increase a nation’s economic productivity.

60. What do critics say about "neveretirees"?

A) They are an obstacle to a company’s development.

B) They lack the creativity of the younger generation.

C) They cannot work as efficiently as they used to.

D) They prevent young people from getting ahead.

【参考译文】

最近一项由2 000位高净值客户参与的全球范围的调查发现,60%的人并未打算正常退休。参与此项调查的美国人中,75%的人希望从全职工作退休之后能尽其所能继续工作。(56)"这些人当中有很多是通过去做自己感兴趣的事情来获取财富的,"美洲巴克莱财富行为财务主管Daniel Egan说如果能自由选择,他们更愿意继续工作下去。"巴克莱把这些人称为"永不退休者"。

与很多根据公司规定不得不提前退休的美国人不同，对"永不退休者"来说,没人能强迫他们退休。 (57)现在106岁的投资家Irving Kahn是家族企业的老总,如果他想坚持每天到公司上班,谁会阻止他呢？《美国宪法》保证现年78岁高龄的最高法院法官Ruth Bader Ginsburg的工作安全。

这些老年人似乎是正在尝试逃避死亡。事实确实如此,并且这也的确起到了一定的作用。(58)加州大学河滨分校的教授Howard Friedman的研究表明,工作最努力和事业上有所成就的人通常活得最长。 "人们通常被建议要慢下来,放轻松,不要着急,然后退休去佛罗里达,这种建议其实不好，"他说。他还描 述了一位受调查者.尽管100岁的高龄但仍然坚持工作,最近看到自己的儿子退休感觉很失望。

牛津人口老龄化研究所主任George Leeson说我们发现人们对待退休的态度开始发生变化。" (59)过去,人们曾认为退休是他们在某个令人痛苦的工作岗位上长期奋斗后的即时奖励,而现在人们认为 退休与被遗弃类似。随着人们开始意识到"退休不仅仅是简单地与经济生产力相联系,而且也关乎贡献 Leeson提出的-沃伦?巴菲特效应"也越来越流行。

(60)关于这是否完全是一件好事情,评论家们各持己见。一方面,企业和金融公司可以受益于坚韧的领导人的智慧。另一方面,下一代人要想进一步发展会更加困难, 但是这一点对于一个"永不退休者"来说 影响不大。

【答案详解】

56.C

【定位】由题干中的so-called "neveretirees" 定位到第一段第三至五句。

【精析】细节椎断题。由定位句可知，有些人是通 过做自己感兴趣的事情来获取财富的，如果能自 由选择,他们更愿意继续工作下去。巴克莱把这 些人称为"永不退休者"。由此可见，永不退休者喜欢他们的工作.选择不退休,故答案为C)。

57.A

【定位】由题干中的Irving Kahn和Ruth Bader Ginsburg定位到第二段第二、三句。

【精析】细节推断题。第二段首句提到，没有人能 强迫"永不退休者"退休,接着定位句指出，没有人 会阻止Irving Kahn去上班,《美国宪法》保证法官 Ruth Bader Ginsburg的工作安全。换言之，他们 的共同点就是没有人强迫他们退休,故答案为A)。

58.D

【定位】由题干中的Howard Friedman’s research 定位到第三段第四至六句。

【精析】细节推断题。由定位句可知，Howard Friedman的研究发现,工作最努力和事业上有所 成就的人通常活得最长。也就是说,老年人工作 能够延长寿命,故答案为D)。

59.C

【定位】由题干中的 traditional view of retirement 定位到第四段第二句。

【精析】事实细节题。由定位句可知,过去人们曾 认为退休是他们在某个令人痛苦的工作岗位上长期奋斗后的即时奖励。由此可见,传统的观点认 为退休是对人们长时间努力工作的一种补偿,故答案为C)。

60.D

【定位】由题干中的critics定位到最后一段。

【精析】观点态度题。定位段指出，下一代人要想 进一谈发展会更加困难,但是这一点对于一个"永不退休者"来说影响不大。由此可见,评论家们认 为"永不退休者"阻碍了下一代人的发展，故答案为D)。